AccScience Publishing / AC / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/AC025500100
ARTICLE

The role of movement in the Džolomari ritual of North Macedonia

Lakni Prasanjali Kumarasiri1*
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1 Department of Ethnology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Received: 8 December 2025 | Revised: 2 March 2026 | Accepted: 9 March 2026 | Published online: 1 April 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Abstract

The Džolomari (Џоломари), or Džamalari (Џамалари), are masked pagan performers of the Kavadarci region in North Macedonia, traditionally active during the winter season to expel evil spirits and ensure fertility, health, and prosperity. The performers’ rhythmic and coordinated movements are considered the central point of this ritual, which gives the ceremony its structure and symbolic meaning. The present study examines the Džolomari ritual through these embodied actions, showing how movement transforms the ritual into a living form of dance. Fieldwork in the villages of Begnište and Rasava included participant observation and interviews with performers and residents, documenting not only the physical movements but also their cultural significance. The performers’ repeated jumps, rightward circles, bell-shaking, and symbolic fertility gestures are passed down through generations and recognized as essential to the ritual. Drawing on theoretical frameworks from dance anthropology, techniques of the body, symbolic anthropology, and performance theory, the present study shows that the ritual’s meaning emerges through the body rather than through words. Movement creates unity, expresses cultural values such as renewal and protection, and turns the village itself into a performance space. The Džolomari ritual can therefore be regarded as a ritual dance, in which rhythmic, symbolic, and structured movement tells a story of social, spiritual, and cultural continuity.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
Džolomari
Ritual
Cultural heritage
Fertility
Movements
Funding
This fieldwork was supported by the Pannonia Scholarship.
Conflict of interest
The author declares no conflict of interest.
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Arts & Communication, Electronic ISSN: 2972-4090 Published by AccScience Publishing