Urban ecology research explores methods to maintain ecological balance in high-density urban environments. This issue focuses on urban ecosystems to foster harmonious human and nature coexistence. Through proper spatial planning, protection of green spaces, promotion of sustainable architecture, and other measures, it seeks optimal resource utilization and waste management to reduce environmental stress, improve air quality, enhance biodiversity, and elevate residents' quality of life. Urban ecology research is crucial for sustainable urban development and a key element in creating more livable and pleasant future cities.