AccScience Publishing / MSAM / Volume 1 / Issue 4 / DOI: 10.18063/msam.v1i4.25
Cite this article
98
Download
1384
Views
Journal Browser
Volume | Year
Issue
Search
News and Announcements
View All
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Influence of Y2O3 reinforcement particles during heat treatment of IN718 composite produced by laser powder bed fusion 

Duy Nghia Luu1 Wei Zhou1,2* Sharon Mui Ling Nai3*
Show Less
1 School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798, Singapore
2 Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798, Singapore
3 Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Additive Manufacturing Division, 5 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech Two Block B 636732, Singapore
Accepted: 7 December 2022 | Published: 22 December 2022
© 2022 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Abstract

A metal matrix composite with Inconel 718 as the base metal and yttrium oxide (Y2O3) as the reinforcement particles was fabricated by the laser powder bed fusion technology. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the influence of the Y2Oreinforcement particles on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the heat-treated printed composite. Complex precipitates formation between the Y2Onanoparticles and the carbonitride precipitates were shown. The complex precipitates separated into individual Y2Oand titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles after heat treatment. Nano-sized Y-Ti-O precipitates were observed after solutionization due to the release of supersaturated Y in the metal matrix. Grain refinement was also observed in the heat-treated composites due to the high number of nano-sized precipitates. After solutionizing and aging, the grain size of the Y2O3-reinforced sample is 28.2% and 33.9% smaller, respectively, than that of the monolithic Inconel 718 sample. This effectively reduced the segregation of Nbat the grain boundaries and thus, γ′ and γ′′ precipitates were distributed in the metal matrix more homogeneously. Combined with the increased Orowan strengthening from a significantly higher number of nano-sized precipitates and grain boundary strengthening, the composite achieved higher yield strength, and ultimate tensile strength (1099.3 MPa and 1385.5 MPa, respectively) than those of the monolithic Inconel 718 (1015.5 MPa and 1284.3 MPa, respectively).

Keywords
Laser powder bed fusion
Additive manufacturing
Inconel 718
Y2O3 reinforcement
Heat treatment
Editorial Disclosure

Sharon Mui Ling Nai serves as the Editorial Board Member of the journal, but did not in any way involve in the editorial and peer-review process conducted for this paper, directly or indirectly.

References
[1]

Ibrahim IA, Mohamed FA, Lavernia EJ, 1991, Particulate reinforced metal matrix composites-a review. J Mater Sci, 26: 1137–1156. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00544448

[2]

Gu DD, Meiners W, Wissenbach K, et al., 2012, Laser additive manufacturing of metallic components: Materials, processes and mechanisms. Int Mater Rev, 57: 133–164. https://doi.org/10.1179/1743280411Y.0000000014

[3]

Zhang YC, Li ZG, Nie PL, et al., 2013, Effect of ultrarapid cooling on microstructure of laser cladding IN718 coating. Surf Eng, 29: 414–418. https://doi.org/10.1179/1743294413Y.0000000142

[4]

Singh L, Singh B, Saxena KK, 2020, Manufacturing techniques for metal matrix composites (MMC): An overview. Adv Mater Process Technol, 6: 224–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/2374068X.2020.1729603

[5]

Sharma V, Prakash U, Kumar BV, 2015, Surface composites by friction stir processing: A review. J Mater Process Technol, 224: 117–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.04.019

[6]

Akbari M, Asadi P, Asiabaraki HR, 2022, Investigation of wear and microstructural properties of A356/TiC composites fabricated by FSP. Surf Rev Lett, 29: 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218625X2250130X

[7]

Akbari M, Asadi P, 2021, Simulation and experimental investigation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/aluminum composite fabrication using friction stir processing. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part E J Process Mech Eng, 235: 2165–2179. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089211034029

[8]

Rohatgi PK, Asthana R, Das S, 1986, Solidification, structures, and properties of cast metal-ceramic particle composites. Int Met Rev, 31: 115–139. https://doi.org/10.1179/imtr.1986.31.1.115

[9]

Shi Z, Han F, 2015, Microstructures and properties of cast T91-ODS alloys. Mater Res Innov, 19: S5832–S5835. https://doi.org/10.1179/1432891714Z.0000000001202

[10]

Etemadi R, Wang B, Pillai KM, et al., 2018, Pressure infiltration processes to synthesize metal matrix composites-A review of metal matrix composites, the technology and process simulation. Mater Manuf Process, 33: 1261–1290. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2017.1328122

[11]

S-De-la-muela AM, Cambronero LE, Ruiz-Román JM, 2020, Molten metal infiltration methods to process metal matrix syntactic foams. Metals (Basel), 10: 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10010149

[12]

Kong D, Dong C, Ni X, et al., 2019, Effect of TiC content on the mechanical and corrosion properties of Inconel 718 alloy fabricated by a high-throughput dual-feed laser metal deposition system. J Alloys Compd, 803: 637–648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.06.317

[13]

Gu D, Zhang H, Dai D, et al., 2019, Laser additive manufacturing of nano-TiC reinforced Ni-based nanocomposites with tailored microstructure and performance. Compos Part B Eng, 163: 585–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.12.146

[14]

Tang B, Tan Y, Zhang Z, et al., 2020, Effects of process parameters on geometrical characteristics, microstructure and tribological properties of TiB2 reinforced Inconel 718 alloy composite coatings by laser cladding. Coatings, 10: 76. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10010076

[15]

Dhanya MS, Shukla AK, Dineshraj S, et al., 2019, Processing and characterization of yttria-dispersed Inconel 718 ODS alloy. Trans Indian Inst Met, 72: 1395–1398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-019-01649-5

[16]

Khalaj O, Mašek B, Jirková H, et al., 2017, Experimental study on thermomechanical properties of new-generation ODS alloys. Zenodo, 11: 501–504. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1131439

[17]

Wang G, Huang L, Zhao P, et al., 2020, Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of ODS nickel-based superalloy via strengthening mechanism. JOM, 72: 3279–3287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04220-6

[18]

Chun YB, Mao X, Han CH, et al., 2017, Microstructural evolution and tensile properties of oxide dispersion strengthened Alloy 617 at elevated temperatures. Mater Sci Eng A, 706: 161–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.09.009

[19]

Auger MA, Leguey T, Muñoz A, et al., 2011, Microstructure and mechanical properties of ultrafine-grained Fe-14Cr and ODS Fe-14Cr model alloys. J Nucl Mater, 417: 213–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.060

[20]

Fintová S, Kuběna I, Luptáková N, et al., 2020, Development of advanced Fe-Al-O ODS alloy microstructure and properties due to heat treatment. J Mater Res, 35: 2789–2797. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2020.278

[21]

De Sanctis M, Fava A, Lovicu G, et al., 2017, Mechanical characterization of a nano-ODS steel prepared by low-energy mechanical alloying. Metals (Basel), 7: 283. https://doi.org/10.3390/met7080283

[22]

Luu DN, Zhou W, Nai SM, 2022, Mitigation of liquation cracking in selective laser melted Inconel 718 through optimization of layer thickness and laser energy density. J Mater Process Technol, 299: 117374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2021.117374

[23]

Luu DN, Zhou W, Nai SM, 2022, Influence of nano-Y₂O₃ addition on the mechanical properties of selective laser melted Inconel 718. Mater Sci Eng A, 845: 143233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2022.143233

[24]

Yeh AC, Lu KW, Kuo CM, et al., 2011, Effect of serrated grain boundaries on the creep property of Inconel 718 superalloy. Mater Sci Eng A, 530: 525–529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.10.014

[25]

Deng DW, Wang CG, Liu QQ, et al., 2015, Effect of standard heat treatment on microstructure and properties of borided Inconel 718. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China, 25: 437–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(15)63621-4

[26]

Zhang Y, Li Z, Nie P, et al., 2013, Effect of heat treatment on niobium segregation of laser-cladded IN718 alloy coating. Metall Mater Trans A Phys Metall Mater Sci, 44: 708–716. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-012-1459-z

[27]

Sui S, Chen J, Ma L, et al., 2019, Microstructures and stress rupture properties of pulse laser repaired Inconel 718 superalloy after different heat treatments. J Alloys Compd, 770: 125–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.08.063

[28]

Zhao Y, Li K, Gargani M, et al., 2020, A comparative analysis of Inconel 718 made by additive manufacturing and suction casting: Microstructure evolution in homogenization. Addit Manuf, 36: 101404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2020.101404

[29]

Kumara C, Balachandramurthi AR, Goel S, et al., 2020, Toward a better understanding of phase transformations in additive manufacturing of Alloy 718. Materialia, 13: 100862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2020.100862

[30]

Mills WJ, 1984, Effect of heat treatment on the tensile and fracture toughness behavior of Alloy 718 weldments. Weld J, 63(8): 237s-245s.

[31]

Cao Y, Bai P, Liu F, et al., 2019, Investigation on the precipitates of IN718 alloy fabricated by selective laser melting. Metals (Basel), 9: 1128. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9101128

[32]

Li X, Chu H, Chen Y, et al., 2019, Microstructure and properties of the laser cladding ODS layers on CLAM steel. Surf Coatings Technol, 357: 172–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.10.006

[33]

Guo Y, Li M, Chen C, et al., 2020, Oxide dispersion strengthened FeCoNi concentrated solid-solution alloys synthesized by mechanical alloying. Intermetallics, 117: 106674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2019.106674

[34]

Shi Y, Lu Z, Yu L, et al., 2020, Microstructure and tensile properties of Zr-containing ODS-FeCrAl alloy fabricated by laser additive manufacturing. Mater Sci Eng A, 774: 138937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2020.138937

[35]

Wilms MB, Streubel R, Frömel F, et al., 2018, Laser additive manufacturing of oxide dispersion strengthened steels using laser-generated nanoparticle-metal composite powders. Procedia CIRP, 74: 196–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.08.093

[36]

Zöllner D, 2022, Impact of a strong temperature gradient on grain growth in films. Model Simul Mater Sci Eng, 30: 025010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-651X/ac44a8

[37]

Rao GA, Kumar M, Srinivas M, et al., 2003, Effect of standard heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot isostatically pressed superalloy Inconel 718. Mater Sci Eng A, 355: 114–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00079-0

[38]

Gladman T, 1999, Precipitation hardening in metals. Mater Sci Technol, 15: 30–36. https://doi.org/10.1179/026708399773002782

[39]

Sabelkin VP, Cobb GR, Doane BM, et al., 2020, Torsional behavior of additively manufactured nickel alloy 718 under monotonic loading and low cycle fatigue. Mater Today Commun, 24: 101256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101256

[40]

Roper CM, Heczel A, Bhattiprolu VS, et al., 2022, Effect of laser heating on microstructure and deposition properties of cold sprayed SS304L. Materialia, 22: 101372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2022.101372

[41]

Amato KN, Gaytan SM, Murr LE, et al., 2012, Microstructures and mechanical behavior of Inconel 718 fabricated by selective laser melting. Acta Mater, 60: 2229–2239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2011.12.032

[42]

Wang Y, Shi J, Deng X, et al., 2012, Contribution of Different Strengthening effects in Particulate-reinforced Metal Matrix Nanocomposites Prepared by Additive Manufacturing. In: Proceeding Advanced Manufacturing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Vol. 2; 2016. p1–7. Available from: https://www.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/IMECE/ proceedings/IMECE2016/50527phoenix,arizona, USA/265241 [Last accessed on 2017 Mar 22].

[43]

Zhang Z, Chen DL, 2006, Consideration of Orowan strengthening effect in particulate-reinforced metal matrix nanocomposites: A model for predicting their yield strength. Scr Mater, 54: 1321–1316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.12.017

[44]

EOS NickelAlloy IN718 Material Data Sheet; 2020.

[45]

Martienssen W, Warlimont H, 2005, Springer Handbook of Condensed Matter and Materials Data. Berlin: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30437-1

[46]

Ferguson JB, Schultz BF, Venugopalan D, et al., 2014, On the superposition of strengthening mechanisms in dispersion strengthened alloys and metal-matrix nanocomposites: Considerations of stress and energy. Met Mater Int, 20: 375–388. https://doi.org//10.1007/s12540-014-2017-6

[47]

Ferguson JB, Sheykh-Jaberi F, Kim CS, et al., 2012, On the strength and strain to failure in particle-reinforced magnesium metal-matrix nanocomposites (Mg MMNCs). Mater Sci Eng A, 558: 193–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.07.111

[48]

Vogt R, Zhang Z, Li Y, et al., 2009, The absence of thermal expansion mismatch strengthening in nanostructured metal-matrix composites. Scr Mater, 61: 1052–1055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.08.025

[49]

Nardone VC, Prewo KM, 1986, On the strength of discontinuous silicon carbide reinforced aluminum composites. Scr Metall, 20: 43–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/0036-9748(86)90210-3

[50]

Kim CS, Sohn I, Nezafati M, et al., 2013, Prediction models for the yield strength of particle-reinforced unimodal pure magnesium (Mg) metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs). J Mater Sci, 48: 4191–4204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7232-x

[51]

Redsten AM, Klier EM, Brown AM, et al., 1995, Mechanical properties and microstructure of cast oxide-dispersion-strengthened aluminum. Mater Sci Eng A, 201: 88–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(94)09741-0

[52]

Chawla N, Habel U, Shen YL, et al., 2000, The effect of matrix microstructure on the tensile and fatigue behavior of SiC particle-reinforced 2080 Al matrix composites. Metall Mater Trans A, 31: 531–540. https://doi.org//10.1007/s11661-000-0288-7

[53]

Wang S, Zheng Y, Zhang G, et al., 2019, Effect of NbC addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal shock resistance of Ti(C,N)-based cermets. Mater Res Express, 6: 056557. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab07e9

[54]

Ceschini L, Dahle A, Gupta M, et al., 2017, Aluminum and Magnesium Metal Matrix Nanocomposites. Singapore: Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2681-2

[55]

Patil RV, Kale GB, 1996, Chemical diffusion of niobium in nickel. J Nucl Mater, 230: 57–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(96)80010-9

[56]

Rohrer GS, 1948, Introduction to grains, phases, and interfaces-an interpretation of microstructure. Metall Mater Trans A Phys Metall Mater Sci, 175: 15–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-010-0215-5

[57]

Cozar R, Pineau A, 1973, Morphology of γ’ and γ’’ precipitates and thermal stability of Inconel 718 type alloys. Metall Trans, 4: 47–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02649604

[58]

Burke MG, Miller MK, 2012, Precipitation in Alloy 718: A Combined AEM and APFIM Investigation. Tennessee: Oak Ridge National Laboratory. p337–50.

Share
Back to top
Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing, Electronic ISSN: 2810-9635 Published by AccScience Publishing