AccScience Publishing / IJB / Volume 10 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.36922/ijb.1637
Submit to IJB
Cite this article
31
Download
553
Views
Journal Browser
Volume | Year
Issue
Search
Forthcoming Issue
Current Issue
View All
News and Announcements
View All
REVIEW

3D bioprinting of anisotropic filler-reinforced polymer nanocomposites: Synthesis, assembly, and multifunctional applications

Yun Wu1† ,  Sayan Ganguly2,3† ,  Xiaowu Shirley Tang2,3*
Show Less
1 College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
2 Department of Chemistry & Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
3 Centre for Eye and Vision Research Limited, Hong Kong
IJB 2024, 10(2), 1637 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.1637
Submitted: 19 August 2023 | Accepted: 19 October 2023 | Published: 5 February 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Convergence of 3D Bioprinting and Nanotechnology)
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Download PDF
Cite
XML
Abstract

Bioprinting is a novel technique with a wide range of potential uses, including the fabrication of functioning tissue constructs for use in the biomedical sectors. It is a revolutionary method for high-throughput manufacturing that automates fine control over manufactured structures. Bioink refers to the solution of biomaterials usually encapsulating cells used in the bioprinting process; this bioink often encapsulates the appropriate cell types. In order to create the ultimate architecture, this bioink should solidify during or shortly after bioprinting. Bioinks can be developed from either all-natural or all-synthetic biomaterials, or a blend of the two. Cell aggregation can occasionally be used as a bioink without addition of any biomaterials, in bioprinting process. To bioprint functional tissues and organs, an optimal bioink should possess mechanical, rheological, and biological characteristics mimicking those of the target tissues. For attaining physicomechanical properties, anisotropic fillers are commonly added in bioink formulations. In this review, we provide an in-depth discussion of various anisotropic fillers used in bioprinting and their fabrication techniques, and outline their multifunctional applicability in biomedical and environmental areas. Given the steady growth of bioprinting market, we also present the global scenario of the bioprinting market and their techno-commercial orientations.

Keywords
3D printing
Cell-laden scaffolds
Bioink
Biofabrication
Bioprinting
Commercialization
Funding
Not applicable.
References
  1. Leberfinger AN, Dinda S, Wu Y, et al. Bioprinting functional tissues. Acta Biomater. 2019;95, 32-49.
  2. Dutton S, Kelly D, Baker A. Composite Materials for Aircraft Structures. Reston: AIAA; 2004. doi: 10.2514/4.861680
  3. Clyne TW, Hull D. An Introduction to Composite Materials. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2019. doi: 10.1017/9781139050586
  4. Chang JH, An YU. Nanocomposites of polyurethane with various organoclays: thermomechanical properties, morphology, and gas permeability. J Polym Sci B Polym Phys. 2002;40(7):670-677. doi: 10.1002/polb.10124
  5. Ramanathan T, Abdala A, Stankovich S, et al. Functionalized graphene sheets for polymer nanocomposites. Nat Nanotechnol. 2008;3(6):327-331. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2008.96
  6. Potts JR, Dreyer DR, Bielawski CW, Ruoff RS. Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites. Polymer. 2011; 52(1):5-25. doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.11.042
  7. Lavrador P, Esteves MR, Gaspar VM, Mano JF. Stimuli-responsive nanocomposite hydrogels for biomedical applications. Adv Funct Mater. 2021;31(8):2005941. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202005941
  8. Guvendiren M, Molde J, Soares RM, Kohn J. Designing biomaterials for 3D printing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2016;2(10):1679-1693. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00121
  9. Gungor-Ozkerim PS, Inci I, Zhang YS, Khademhosseini A, Dokmeci MR. Bioinks for 3D bioprinting: an overview. Biomater Sci. 2018;6(5):915-946. doi: 10.1039/C7BM00765E
  10. Armstrong JP, Burke M, Carter BM, Davis SA, Perriman AW. 3D bioprinting using a templated porous bioink. Adv Healthc Mater. 2016;5(14):1724-1730. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201600022
  11. Holmström J, Partanen J, Tuomi J, Walter M. Rapid manufacturing in the spare parts supply chain: alternative approaches to capacity deployment. J Manuf Technol Manag. 2010;21(6):687-697. doi: 10.1108/17410381011063996
  12. Kalsoom U, Nesterenko PN, Paull B. Recent developments in 3D printable composite materials. RSC Adv. 2016;6(65):60355-60371. doi: 10.1039/C6RA11334F
  13. Mythri G, Kavitha K, Kumar MR, Jagadeesh Singh SD. Novel mucoadhesive polymers – a review. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2011;1(8):37-42.
  14. Gao G, Kim BS, Jang J, Cho D-W. Recent strategies in extrusion-based three-dimensional cell printing toward organ biofabrication. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2019;5(3):1150-1169. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00691
  15. Kang H-W, Lee SJ, Ko IK, Kengla C, Yoo JJ, Atala A. A 3D bioprinting system to produce human-scale tissue constructs with structural integrity. Nat Biotechnol. 2016;34(3):312-319. doi: 10.1038/nbt.3413
  16. Mazzocchi A, Devarasetty M, Huntwork R, Soker S, Skardal A. Optimization of collagen type I-hyaluronan hybrid bioink for 3D bioprinted liver microenvironments. Biofabrication. 2018;11(1):015003. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/aae543
  17. Isaacson A, Swioklo S, Connon CJ. 3D bioprinting of a corneal stroma equivalent. Exp Eye Res. 2018;173:188-193. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.05.010
  18. Liu W, Heinrich MA, Zhou Y, et al. Extrusion bioprinting of shear-thinning gelatin methacryloyl bioinks. Adv Healthc Mater. 2017;6(12):1601451. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201601451
  19. Scott EA, Stano A, Gillard M, Maio-Liu AC, Swartz MA, Hubbell JA. Dendritic cell activation and T cell priming with adjuvant-and antigen-loaded oxidation-sensitive polymersomes. Biomaterials. 2012;33(26):6211-6219. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.04.060
  20. Mueller J, Skylar-Scott M, Visser C, Lewis JA. Voxelated soft matter via multimaterial multinozzle 3D printing. Nature. 2019;575(7782):330-335. doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1736-8
  21. Krishtul S, Baruch L, Machluf M. Processed tissue-derived extracellular matrices: tailored platforms empowering diverse therapeutic applications. Adv Funct Mater. 2020;30(18):1900386. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201900386
  22. Guo H, Zhao H, Niu H, et al. Highly thermally conductive 3D printed graphene filled polymer composites for scalable thermal management applications. ACS Nano. 2021;15(4):6917-6928. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10768
  23. Matai I, Kaur G, Seyedsalehi A, McClinton A, Laurencin CT. Progress in 3D bioprinting technology for tissue/organ regenerative engineering. Biomaterials. 2020;226:119536. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119536
  24. Vikram SA, Hasan DAM, Wang S, et al. The adoption of three-dimensional additive manufacturing from biomedical material design to 3D organ printing. Appl Sci. 2019;9(4):811. doi: 10.3390/app9040811

25 Fedorovich NE, Alblas J, de Wijn JR, Hennink WE, Verbout AJ, Dhert WJA. Hydrogels as extracellular matrices for skeletal tissue engineering: state-of-the-art and novel application in organ printing. Tissue Eng. 2007;13(8):1905-1925. doi: 10.1089/ten.2006.0175

  1. Miri AK, Mirzaee I, Hassan S, et al. Effective bioprinting resolution in tissue model fabrication. Lab Chip. 2019;19(11):2019-2037. doi: 10.1039/c8lc01037d
  2. Lee A, Hudson A, Shiwarski D, et al. 3D bioprinting of collagen to rebuild components of the human heart. Science. 2019;365(6452):482-487. doi: 10.1126/science.aav9051
  3. Mehrotra S, Moses JC, Bandyopadhyay A, Mandal BB. 3D printing/bioprinting based tailoring of in vitro tissue models: recent advances and challenges. ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2019;2(4):1385-1405. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00073
  4. Jin Y, Liu C, Chai W, Compaan A, Huang Y. Self-supporting nanoclay as internal scaffold material for direct printing of soft hydrogel composite structures in air. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9(20):17456-17465. doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b03613
  5. García-Villén F, Ruiz-Alonso S, Lafuente-Merchan M, et al. Clay minerals as bioink ingredients for 3D printing and 3D bioprinting: application in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13(11):1806. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111806
  6. Zhou Y, LaChance AM, Smith AT, Cheng H, Liu Q, Sun L. Strategic design of clay-based multifunctional materials: from natural minerals to nanostructured membranes. Adv Funct Mater. 2019;29(16):1807611. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201807611
  7. Ahlfeld T, Cidonio G, Kilian D, et al. Development of a clay-based bioink for 3D cell printing for skeletal application. Biofabrication. 2017;9(3):034103. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa7e96
  8. Cidonio G, Glinka M, Kim YH, et al. Nanoclay-based 3D printed scaffolds promote vascular ingrowth ex vivo and generate bone mineral tissue in vitro and in vivo. Biofabrication. 2020;12(3):035010. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab8753
  9. Leu Alexa R, Ianchis R, Savu D, et al. 3D printing of alginate-natural clay hydrogel-based nanocomposites. Gels. 2021;7(4):211. doi: 10.3390/gels7040211
  10. Habib A, Khoda B. Development of clay based novel hybrid bio-ink for 3D bio-printing process. J Manuf Process. 2019;38:76-87. doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.12.034
  11. Cui ZK, Kim S, Baljon JJ, Wu BM, Aghaloo T, Lee M. Microporous methacrylated glycol chitosan-montmorillonite nanocomposite hydrogel for bone tissue engineering. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):1-10. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11511-3
  12. Ding F, Liu J, Zeng S, et al. Biomimetic nanocoatings with exceptional mechanical, barrier, and flame-retardant properties from large-scale one-step coassembly. Sci Adv. 2017;3(7):e1701212. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1701212
  13. Sun L, Parker ST, Syoji D, Wang X, Lewis JA, Kaplan DL. Directnarker ST, Syoji D, adv.1701212nal mechanical, barrier, and flame-retardanAdv Healthc Mater. 2012;1(6):729-735. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201200057
  14. Michna S, Wu W, Lewis JA. Concentrated hydroxyapatite inks for direct-write assembly of 3-D periodic scaffolds. Biomaterials. 2005;26(28):5632-5639. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.02.040
  15. Zhang T, Yan KC, Ouyang L, Sun W. Mechanical characterization of bioprinted in vitro soft tissue models. Biofabrication. 2013;5(4):045010. doi: 10.1088/1758-5082/5/4/045010
  16. Gao G, He Y, Fu J-z, Liu A, Ma L. Coaxial nozzle-assisted 3D bioprinting with built-in microchannels for nutrients delivery. Biomaterials. 2015;61:203-215. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.05.031
  17. Ozbolat IT, Peng W, Ozbolat V. Application areas of 3D bioprinting. Drug Discov Today. 2016;21(8):1257-1271. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.04.006
  18. Jia W, Gungor-Ozkerim PS, Zhang YS, et al. Direct 3D bioprinting of perfusable vascular constructs using a blend bioink. Biomaterials. 2016;106:58-68. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.07.038
  19. Florczyk SJ, Simon MH, Juba D, et al. A bioinformatics 3D cellular morphotyping strategy for assessing biomaterial scaffold niches. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2017;3(10):2302-2313. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00473
  20. Skylar-Scott MA, Uzel SG, Nam LL, et al. Biomanufacturing of organ-specific tissues with high cellular density and embedded vascular channels. Sci Adv. 2019;5(9): eaaw2459. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw2459
  21. Kolesky DB, Truby RL, Gladman AS, Busbee TA, Homan KA, Lewis JA. 3D bioprinting of vascularized, heterogeneous cellgh cellular density and emAdv Mater. 2014;26(19):3124-3130. doi: 10.1002/adma.201305506
  22. Wu W, DeConinck A, Lewis JA. Omnidirectional printing of 3D microvascular networks. Adv Mater. 2011;23(24):H178-H183. doi: 10.1002/adma.201004625
  23. Bhattacharjee T, Zehnder SM, Rowe KG, et al. Writing in the granular gel medium. Sci Adv. 2015;1(8):e1500655. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1500655
  24. Hinton TJ, Jallerat Q, Palchesko RN, et al. Three-dimensional printing of complex biological structures by freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels. Sci Adv. 2015;1(9):e1500758. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1500758
  25. O’Bryan CS, Bhattacharjee T, Hart S, et al. Self-assembled micro-organogels for 3D printing silicone structures. Sci Adv. 2017;3(5):e1602800. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1602800
  26. Choi Y-J, Jun Y-J, Kim DY, et al. A 3D cell printed muscle construct with tissue-derived bioink for the treatment of volumetric muscle loss. Biomaterials. 2019;206:160-169. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.03.036
  27. Jeon O, Lee YB, Jeong H, Lee SJ, Wells D, Alsberg E. Individual cell-only bioink and photocurable supporting medium for 3D printing and generation of engineered tissues with complex geometries. Mater Horiz. 2019;6(8):1625-1631. doi: 10.1039/c9mh00375d
  28. Ouyang L. Pushing the rheological and mechanical boundaries of extrusion-based 3D bioprinting. Trends Biotechnol. 2022;40(7):P891-902. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.01.001
  29. Siacor FDC, Chen Q, Zhao JY, et al. On the additive manufacturing (3D printing) of viscoelastic materials and flow behavior: from composites to food manufacturing. Addit Manuf. 2021;45:102043. doi: 10.1016/j.addma.2021.102043
  30. Golzar H, Wu Y, Ganguly S, Tang XS. Micro-extrusion 3D printing of articular cartilage substitutes with a multizonal structure using hydrophilic and rapidly curing silicone-based ink materials. Addit Manuf. 2023;73:103691. doi: 10.1016/j.addma.2023.103691
  31. Dealy J, Tee T, Petersen J. A concentric-cylinder rheometer for polymer melts. In: Vallet G, Meskat W, eds. Rheological Theories Measuring Techniques in Rheology Test Methods in Rheology Fractures Rheological Properties of Materials Rheo- Optics Biorheology. Heidelberg: Steinkopff; 1975:466-474. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-41458-3_69
  32. Tang S, Richardson BM, Anseth KS. Dynamic covalent hydrogels as biomaterials to mimic the viscoelasticity of soft tissues. Prog Mater Sci. 2021;120:100738. doi: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2020.100738
  33. Shitikova MV, Krusser AI. Models of viscoelastic materials: a review on historical development and formulation. In: Giorgio I, Placidi L, Barchiesi E, Abali BE, Altenbach H, eds. Theoretical Analyses, Computations, and Experiments of Multiscale Materials: A Tribute to Francesco dell’Isola. Cham: Springer Nature; 2022: 285-326. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-04548-6
  34. Pirani SI, Krishnamachari P, Hashaikeh R. Optimum loading level of nanoclay in PLA nanocomposites: impact on the mechanical properties and glass transition temperature. J Thermoplast Compos Mater. 2014;27(11):1461-1478. doi: 10.1177/0892705712473627
  35. Skylar-Scott MA, Mueller J, Visser CW, Lewis JA. Voxelated soft matter via multimaterial multinozzle 3D printing. Nature. 2019;575(7782):330-335. doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1736-8
  36. Ganguly S, Das P, Das TK, et al. Acoustic cavitation assisted destratified clay tactoid reinforced in situ elastomer-mimetic semi-IPN hydrogel for catalytic and bactericidal application. Ultrason Sonochem. 2020;60:104797. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104797
  37. Ganguly S, Das NC. Water uptake kinetics and control release of agrochemical fertilizers from nanoclay-assisted semi-interpenetrating sodium acrylate-based hydrogel. Polym Plast Technol and Eng. 2017;56(7):744-761. doi: 10.1080/03602559.2016.1233268
  38. Ganguly S, Das TK, Mondal S, Das NC. Synthesis of polydopamine-coated halloysite nanotube-based hydrogel for controlled release of a calcium channel blocker. RSC Adv. 2016;6(107):105350-105362. doi: 10.1039/C6RA24153K
  39. Weng Z, Wang J, Senthil T, Wu L. Mechanical and thermal properties of ABS/montmorillonite nanocomposites for fused deposition modeling 3D printing. Mater Des. 2016;102:276-283. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.04.045
  40. Cui ZK, Kim S, Baljon JJ, Wu BM, Aghaloo T, Lee M. Microporous methacrylated glycol chitosan-montmorillonite nanocomposite hydrogel for bone tissue engineering. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):3523. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11511-3
  41. Ganguly S, Das P. Synthesis and production of polylactic acid (PLA). In: Parameswaranpillai J, Siengchin S, Salim NV, George JJ, Poulose A, eds. Polylactic Acid-Based Nanocellulose and Cellulose Composites. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2022: 29-50. doi: 10.1201/9781003160458
  42. Paspali A, Bao Y, Gawne DT, Piestert F, Reinelt S. The influence of nanostructure on the mechanical properties of 3D printed polylactide/nanoclay composites. Compos B Eng. 2018;152:160-168. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.07.005
  43. Abdul Haq RH, Wahab MS, Wahid MU. Fused deposition modeling of PCL/HA/MMT biocompatible polymer nano-composites. In: Öchsner A, Altenbach H, eds. Machining, Joining and Modifications of Adv Mater. Singapore: Springer; 2016: 23-32. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-1082-8
  44. Mohan VB, Lau KT, Hui D, Bhattacharyya D. Graphene-based materials and their composites: a review on production, applications and product limitations. Compos B Eng. 2018;142:200-220. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.01.013
  45. Terrones M, Martín O, González M, et al. Interphases in graphene polymer, esb.2018.01.013 review on production, applicationsAdv Mater. 2011;23(44):5302-5310. doi: 10.1002/adma.201102036
  46. Ganguly S. Preparation/processing of polymer-graphene composites by different techniques. In: Rahaman M, Nayak L, Hussein IA, Das NC, eds. Polymer Nanocomposites Containing Graphene. USA: Elsevier; 2022: 45-74. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-821639-2.00015-X
  47. Zaman A, Orasugh JT, Banerjee P, et al. Facile one-pot in-situ synthesis of novel graphene oxide-cellulose nanocomposite for enhanced azo dye adsorption at optimized conditions. Carbohydr Polym. 2020;246:116661. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116661
  48. Ganguly S, Mondal S, Das P, et al. An insight into the physico-mechanical signatures of silylated graphene oxide in poly (ethylene methyl acrylate) copolymeric thermoplastic matrix. Macromol Res. 2019;27:268-281. doi: 10.1007/s13233-019-7039-y
  49. Du J, Cheng HM. The fabrication, properties, and uses of graphene/polymer composites. Macromol Chem Phys. 2012;213(10(10ol1060-1077. doi: 10.1002/macp.201200029
  50. Dai JF, Wang GJ, Ma L, Wu C-K. Surface properties of graphene: relationship to graphene-polymer composites. Rev Adv Mater Sci. 2015;40(1):60-71.
  51. Khezri B, Villa K, Novotný F, Sofer Z, Pumera M. Smartdust 3Dla K, Novotný F, . 00029 of graphene/polymer composites. e oxide in poly (ethyleneSmall. 2020;16(33):2002111. doi: 10.1002/smll.202002111
  52. Wei X, Li D, Jiang W, et al. 3D printable graphene composite. Sci Rep. 2015;5(1):1-7. doi: 10.1038/srep11181
  53. Chen S, Wu Q, Mishra C, et al. Thermal conductivity of isotopically modified graphene. Nat Mater. 2012;11(3):203-207. doi: 10.1038/nmat3207
  54. Chen Q, Mangadlao JD, Wallat J, De Leon A, Pokorski JK, Advincula RC. 3D printing biocompatible polyurethane/poly(lactic acid)/graphene oxide nanocomposites: anisotropic properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9(4):4015-4023. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b11793
  55. Iijima S. Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature. 1991;354(6348):56-58. doi: 10.1038/354056a0
  56. Stauffer D, Aharony A. Introduction to Percolation Theory. London: Taylor & Francis; 2018. doi: 10.1201/9781315274386
  57. Pang H, Xu L, Yan DX, Li Z-M. Conductive polymer composites with segregated structures. Prog Polym Sci. 2014;39(11):1908-1933. doi: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.07.007
  58. Gnanasekaran K, Heijmans T, Van Bennekom S, et al. 3D printing of CNT-and graphene-based conductive polymer nanocomposites by fused deposition modeling. Appl Mater Today. 2017;9:21-28. doi: 10.1016/j.apmt.2017.04.003
  59. Gonzalez G, Chiappone A, Roppolo I, et al. Development of 3D printable formulations containing CNT with enhanced electrical properties. Polymer. 2017;109:246-253. doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.12.051
  60. Shin SR, Bae H, Cha JM, et al. Carbon nanotube reinforced hybrid microgels as scaffold materials for cell encapsulation. ACS Nano. 2012;6(1):362-272. doi: 10.1021/nn203711s
  61. Lee J, Manoharan V, Cheung L, et al. Nanoparticle-based hybrid scaffolds for deciphering the role of multimodal cues in cardiac tissue engineering. ACS Nano. 2019;13(11):12525-12539. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03050
  62. Li T, Chen T, Shen X, Shi HH, Jabaria E, Naguib HE. A binder jet 3D printed MXene composite for strain sensing and energy storage application. Nanoscale Adv. 2022;4(3):916-925. doi: 10.1039/D1NA00698C
  63. Noor N, Shapira A, Edri R, Gal I, Wertheim L, Dvir T. 3D printing of personalized thick and perfusable cardiac patches and hearts. Adv Sci. 2019;6(11):1900344. doi: 10.1002/advs.201900344
  64. Hong SY, Sun Y, Lee J, et al. 3D printing of free-standing Ti3C2Tx/PEO architecture for electromagnetic interference shielding. Polymer. 2021;236:124312. doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124312
  65. Yuan W, Liu H, Wang X, Huang L, Yin F, Yuan Y. Conductive MXene/melamine sponge combined with 3D printing resin base prepared as an electromagnetic interference shielding switch. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2021;143:106238. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.106238
  66. Basara G, Saeidi-Javash M, Ren X, et al. Electrically conductive 3D printed Ti3C2Tx MXene-PEG composite constructs for cardiac tissue engineering. Acta Biomater. 2020;139:179-189. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.033
  67. Wilkinson N, Smith M, Kay R, Harris RA. A review of aerosol jet printing—a non-traditional hybrid process for micro-manufacturing. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. 2019;105(11):4599-4619. doi: 10.1007/s00170-019-03438-2
  68. Filgueira D, Holmen S, Melbø JK, Moldes D, Echtermeyer AT, Chinga-Carrasco G. 3D printable filaments made of biobased polyethylene biocomposites. Polymers. 2018;10(3):314. doi: 10.3390/polym10030314
  69. Liu R, Chen Y, Cao J. Effects of modifier type on properties of in situ organo-montmorillonite modified wood flour/ poly (lactic acid) composites. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2016;8(1):161-168. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b07989
  70. Yang Z, Bi H, Bi Y, Rodrigue D, Xu M, Feng X. Comparison between polyethylene glycol and tributyl citrate to modify the properties of wood fiber/polylactic acid biocomposites. Polym Compos. 2019;40(4):1384-1394. doi: 10.1002/pc.24872
  71. Vaidya AA, Collet C, Gaugler M, Lloyd-Jones G. Integrating softwood biorefinery lignin into polyhydroxybutyrate composites and application in 3D printing. Mater Today Commun. 2019;19:286-296. doi: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2019.02.008
  72. Zhao X, Tekinalp H, Meng X, et al. Poplar as biofiber reinforcement in composites for large-scale 3D printing. ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2019;2(10):4557-4570. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00675
  73. Liu H, He H, Peng X, Huang B, Li J. Three,He H, Peng X,021/ acsabm.9b00675omposites for large-scale 3D printing. and application in 3D printing. c acid biocomposites. . lastic matrix. ation. lPolym Adv Technol. 2019;30(4):910-922. doi: 10.1002/pat.4524
  74. Jang J, Yi H-G, Cho D-W. 3D printed tissue models: present and future. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2016;2(10):1722-1731. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00129
  75. Mohan TS, Datta P, Nesaei S, Ozbolat V, Ozbolat IT. 3D coaxial bioprinting: process mechanisms, bioinks and applications. Prog Biomed Eng. 2022;4(2):022003. doi: 10.1088/2516-1091/ac631c
  76. Li W, Hu X, Yang S, et al. A novel tissue-engineered 3D tumor model for anti-cancer drug discovery. Biofabrication. 2018;11(1):015004. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/aae270
  77. Bhise NS, Ribas J, Manoharan V, et al. Organ-on-a-chip platforms for studying drug delivery systems. J Control Release. 2014;190:82-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.05.004
  78. Murphy SV, De Coppi P, Atala A. Opportunities and challenges of translational 3D bioprinting. Nat Biomed Eng. 2020;4(4):370-380. doi: 10.1038/s41551-019-0471-7
  79. Yi B, Xu Q, Liu W. An overview of substrate stiffness guided cellular response and its applications in tissue regeneration. Bioact Mater. 2022;15:82-102. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.12.005
  80. Xia H, Chen Q, Fang Y, et al. Directed neurite growth of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons and increased colocalization with Schwann cells on aligned poly(methyl methacrylate) electrospun nanofibers. Brain Res. 2014;1565:18–27. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.04.002
  81. Lu K, Qian Y, Gong J, et al. Biofabrication of aligned structures that guide cell orientation and applications in tissue engineering. Bio-Des Manuf. 2021;4:258-277. doi: 10.1007/s42242-020-00104-5
  82. Shin YM, Yang HS, Chun HJ. Directional cell migration guide for improved tissue regeneration. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1249:131-140. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-3258-0_9
  83. Ballester-Beltran J, Biggs M, Dalby MJ, Salmerón-Sánchez M, Leal-Egaña A. Sensing the differences: the influence of anisotropic cues on cell behavior. Front Mater. 2015;2:39. doi: 10.3389/fmats.2015.00039
  84. Zhuo Y, Choi JS, Martin T, Yu H, Harley BA, Cunningham BT. Quantitative analysis of focal adhesion dynamics using photonic resonator outcoupler microscopy (PROM). Light Sci Appl. 2018;7(1):9. doi: 10.1038/s41377-018-0001-5
  85. Bowers DT, Brown JL. Nanofibers as bioinstructive scaffolds capable of modulating differentiation through mechanosensitive pathways for regenerative engineering. Regen Eng Transl Med. 2019;5:22-29. doi: 10.1007/s40883-018-0076-9
  86. Wang S, Ameli A, Shaayegan V, et al. Modelling of rod-like fillers’ rotation and translation near two growing cells in conductive polymer composite foam processing. Polymers. 2018;10(3):261. doi: 10.3390/polym10030261
  87. Volpi M, Paradiso A, Costantini M, Świȩszkowski W. Hydrogel-based fiber biofabrication techniques for skeletal muscle tissue engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2022;8(2):379-405. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01145
  88. Kim WJ, Jang CH, Kim GH. A myoblast-laden collagen bioink with fully aligned Au nanowires for muscle-tissue regeneration. Nano Lett. 2019;19(12):8612-8620. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03182
  89. Pardo A, Bakht SM, Gomez-Florit M, et al. Magnetically-assisted 3D bioprinting of anisotropic tissue-mimetic constructs. Adv Funct Mater. 2022;32(50):2208940. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202208940
  90. Zhang S, Chen X, Shan M, et al. Convergence of 3D bioprinting and nanotechnology in tissue engineering scaffolds. Biomimetics. 2023;8(1):94. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics8010094
  91. Shin J, Lee Y, Li Z, Hu J, Park SS, Kim K. Optimized 3D bioprinting technology based on machine kearning: a review of recent trends and advances. Micromachines. 2022;13(3):363. doi: 10.3390/mi13030363
  92. Quan Z, Wu A, Keefe M, et al. Additive manufacturing of multi-directional preforms for composites: opportunities and challenges. Mater Today. 2015;18(9):503-512. doi: 10.1016/j.mattod.2015.05.001
  93. Rajabi M, McConnell M, Cabral J, Azam Ali M. Chitosan hydrogels in 3D printing for biomedical applications. Carbonhydr Polym. 2021;260:117768. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117768
  94. Xu W, Molino BZ, Cheng F, et al. On low-concentration inks formulated by nanocellulose assisted with gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) for 3D printing toward wound healing application. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019;11(9):8838-8848. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b21268
  95. Wang X, Zhang X, Dai X, et al. Tumor-like lung cancer model based on 3D bioprinting. 3 Biotech. 2018;8(12):1-9. doi: 10.1007/s13205-018-1519-1
  96. Vijayavenkataraman S, Lu W, Fuh J. 3D bioprinting of skin: a state-of-the-art review on modelling, materials, and processes. Biofabrication. 2016;8(3):032001. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/8/3/032001
  97. Cubo N, Garcia M, Del Canizo JF, Velasco D, Jorcano JL. 3D bioprinting of functional human skin: production and in vivo analysis. Biofabrication. 2016;9(1):015006. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/9/1/015006
  98. Kim BS, Gao G, Kim JY, Cho D-W. 3D cell printing of perfusable vascularized human skin equivalent composed of epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis for better structural recapitulation of native skin. Adv Healthc Mater. 2019;8(7):1801019. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201801019
  99. Pei H, Jing J, Chen Y, Guo J, Chen N. 3D printing of PVDF-based piezoelectric nanogenerator from programmable metamaterial design: Promising strategy for flexible electronic skin. Nano Energy. 2023;109:108303. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2023.108303
  100. Lackner F, Knechtl I, Novak M, et al. 3D-printed anisotropic nanofiber composites with Gradual mechanical properties. Adv Mater Technol. 2023;8(10):2201708. doi: 10.1002/admt.202201708
  101. Markstedt K, Mantas A, Tournier I, Ávila HM, Hägg D, Gatenholm P. 3D bioprinting human chondrocytes with nanocellulose–alginate bioink for cartilage tissue engineering applications. Biomacromolecules. 2015;16(5):1489-1496. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00188
  102. Rathan S, Dejob L, Schipani R, Haffner B, Möbius ME, Kelly DJ. Fiber reinforced cartilage ECM functionalized bioinks for functional cartilage tissue engineering. Adv Healthc Mater. 2019;8(7):1801501. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201801501
  103. Acedo CA, de Vicente J, González GJ, Chocarro C. Bio-inspired hydrogel composed of hyaluronic acid and alginate as a potential bioink for 3D bioprinting of articular cartilage engineering constructs. Acta Biomater. 2020;106:114-123. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.046
  104. Schipani R, Scheurer S, Florentin R, Critchley SE, Kelly DJ. Reinforcing interpenetrating network hydrogels with 3D printed polymer networks to engineer cartilage mimetic composites. Biofabrication. 2020;12(3):035011. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab8708
  105. Müller M, Öztürk E, Arlov Ø, Gatenholm P, Zenobi- Wong M. Alginate sulfate–nanocellulose bioinks for cartilage bioprinting applications. Ann Biomed Eng. 2017; 45:210-223. doi: 10.1007/s10439-016-1704-5
  106. Markstedt K, Mantas A, Tournier I, Ávila HM, Hägg D, Gatenholm P. 3D bioprinting human chondrocytes with nanocellulose−alginate bioink for cartilage tissue engineering applications. Biomacromolecules. 2015;16(5):1489-1496. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00188
  107. Sun Y, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Dai K, Wei Y. 3D-bioprinted gradient-structured scaffold generates anisotropic cartilage with vascularization by pore-size-dependent activation of HIF1α/FAK signaling axis. Nanomedicine. 2021;37:102426. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102426
  108. Sun Y, You Y, Jiang W, Wang Bo, Wu Q, Dai K. 3D bioprinting dual-factor releasing and gradient-structured constructs ready to implant for anisotropic cartilage regeneration. Sci Adv. 2020;6(37):eaay1422. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aay1422
  109. Idaszek J, Costantini M, Karlsen TA, et al. 3D bioprinting of hydrogel constructs with cell and material gradients for the regeneration of full-thickness chondral defect using a microfluidic printing head. Biofabrication. 2019;11(4): 044101. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab2622
  110. Costantini M, Testa S, Mozetic P, et al. Microfluidic-enhanced 3D bioprinting of aligned myoblast-laden hydrogels leads to functionally organized myofibers in vitro and in vivo. Biomaterials. 2017;131:98-110. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.03.026
  111. Li X, Yuan Y, Liu L, et al. 3D printing of hydroxyapatite/ tricalcium phosphate scaffold with hierarchical porous structure for bone regeneration. Bio-Des Manuf. 2020;3(1):15-29. doi: 10.1007/s42242-019-00056-5
  112. Samavedi S, Whittington AR, Goldstein AS. Calcium phosphate ceramics in bone tissue engineering: a review of properties and their influence on cell behavior. Acta Biomater. 2013;9(9):8037-8045. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.06.014
  113. Nyberg E, Rindone A, Dorafshar A, Grayson WL. Comparison of 3D-printed poly-ɛ-caprolactone scaffolds functionalized with tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, bio-oss, or decellularized bone matrix. Tissue Eng Part A. 2017;23(11-12):503-514. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2016.0418
  114. Byambaa B, Annabi N, Yue K, et al. Bioprinted osteogenic and vasculogenic patterns for engineering 3D bone tissue. Adv Healthc Mater. 2017;6(16):1700015. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201700015
  115. Chiesa I, De Maria C, Lapomarda A, et al. Endothelial cells support osteogenesis in an in vitro vascularized bone model developed by 3D bioprinting. Biofabrication. 2020;12(2):025013. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab6a1d
  116. Roy A, Saxena V, Pandey LM. 3D printing for cardiovascular tissue engineering: a review. Mater Technol. 2018;33(6): 433-442. doi: 10.1080/10667857.2018.1456616
  117. Jin G, Li K. The electrically conductive scaffold as the skeleton of stem cell niche in regenerative medicine. Mater Sci Eng C. 2014;45:671-681. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.06.004
  118. Borriello A, Guarino V, Schiavo L, Alvarez-Perez MA, Ambrosio L. Optimizing PANi doped electroactive substrates as patches for the regeneration of cardiac muscle. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2011;22(4):1053-1062. doi: 10.1007/s10856-011-4259-x
  119. Dvir T, Timko BP, Brigham MD, et al. Nanowired three-dimensional cardiac patches. Nat Nano. 2011;6(11):720-725. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2011.160
  120. Liu W, Zhao L, Wang C, Zhou J. Conductive nanomaterials for cardiac tissues engineering. Eng Regener. 2020;1:88-94. doi: 10.1016/j.engreg.2020.09.001
  121. Ashtari K, Nazari H, Ko H, et al. Electrically conductive nanomaterials for cardiac tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2019;144:162-179. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.06.001
  122. Lee J, Manoharan V, Cheung L, et al. Nanoparticle-based hybrid scaffolds for deciphering the role of multimodal cues in cardiac tissue engineering. ACS Nano. 2019;13(11):12525-12539. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03050
  123. Zhu K, Shin SR, van Kempen T, et al. Gold nanocomposite bioink for printing 3D cardiac constructs. Adv Funct Mater. 2017;27(12):1605352. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201605352
  124. Tomasina C, Bodet T, Mota C, Moroni L, Camarero- Espinosa S. Bioprinting vasculature: materials, cells and emergent techniques. Materials. 2019;12(17):2701. doi: 10.3390/ma12172701
  125. Wu J, Hu C, Tang Z, Yu Q, Liu X, Chen H. Tissue-engineered vascular grafts: balance of the four major requirements. Colloid Interface Sci Commun. 2018;23:34-44.

doi: 10.1016/j.colcom.2018.01.005

  1. Moroni L, Burdick JA, Highley C, et al. Biofabrication strategies for 3D in vitro models and regenerative medicine. Nat Rev Mater. 2018;3(5):21-37. doi: 10.1038/s41578-018-0006-y
  2. Piterina AV, Cloonan AJ, Meaney CL, et al. ECM-based materials in cardiovascular applications: inherent healing potential and augmentation of native regenerative processes. Int J Mol Sci. 2009;10(10):4375-4417. doi: 10.3390/ijms10104375
  3. Heinrich MA, Liu W, Jimenez A, et al. 3D bioprinting: from benches to translational applications. Small. 2019;15(23):1970126. doi: 10.1002/smll.201805510
  4. Sasmal P, Datta P, Wu Y, Ozbolat IT. 3D bioprinting for modeling vasculature. Microphysiol Syst. 2018;2:4. doi: 10.21037/mps.2018.10.02
  5. Lee J, Kim G. Three-dimensional hierarchical nanofibrous collagen scaffold fabricated using fibrillated collagen and pluronic F-127 for regenerating bone tissue. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018;10(42):35801-35811. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b14088
  6. Gao Q, Liu Z, Lin Z, et al. 3D bioprinting of vessel-like structures with multilevel fluidic channels. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2017;3(3):399-408. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00643
  7. Gao G, Park JY, Kim BS, Jang J, Cho D-W. Coaxial cell printing of freestanding, perfusable, and functional in vitro vascular models for recapitulation of native vascular endothelium pathophysiology. Adv Healthc Mater. 2018;7(23):1801102. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201801102
  8. Dolati F, Yu Y, Zhang Y, De Jesus AM, Sander EA, Ozbolat IT. In vitro evaluation of carbon-nanotube-reinforced bioprintable vascular conduits. Nanotechnology. 2014;25(14):145101. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/14/145101
  9. Zhang Y, Yu Y, Dolati F, Ozbolat IT. Effect of multiwall carbon nanotube reinforcement on coaxially extruded cellular vascular conduits. Mater Sci Eng C. 2014;39:126-133. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.02.036
  10. Shao L, Gao Q, Xie C, Fu J, Xiang M, He Y. Directly coaxial 3D bioprinting of large-scale vascularized tissue constructs. Biofabrication. 2020;12(3):035014. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab7e76
  11. Li S, Liu Y, Li Y, Liu C, Sun Y, Hu Q. A novel method for fabricating engineered structures with branched micro-channel using hollow hydrogel fibers. Biomicrofluidics. 2016;10(6):064104. doi: 10.1063/1.4967456
  12. Wu Y, Chee AJ, Golzar H, Yu ACH, Tang XS. Embedded 3D printing of ultrasound-compatible arterial phantoms with biomimetic elasticity. Adv Funct Mater. 2022;32:2110153. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202110153
  13. Wu Y, Lin ZYW, Wenger AC, Tam KC, Tang XS. 3D bioprinting of liver-mimetic construct with alginate/ cellulose nanocrystal hybrid bioink. Bioprinting. 2018;9:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bprint.2017.12.001
  14. Wu Y, Wenger A, Golzar H, Tang XS. 3D bioprinting of bicellular liver lobule-mimetic structures via microextrusion of cellulose nanocrystal-incorporated shear-thinning bioink. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):1-12. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77146-3
  15. Nguyen DG, Funk J, Robbins JB, et al. Bioprinted 3D primary liver tissues allow assessment of organ-level response to clinical drug induced toxicity in vitro. PLoS One. 2016;11(7):e0158674. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158674
  16. Zhuang P, An J, Chua CK, Tan LP. Bioprinting of 3D in vitro skeletal muscle models: a review. Mater Des. 2020;193:108794. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108794
  17. Fan T, Wang S, Jiang Z, et al. Controllable assembly of skeletal muscle-like bundles through 3D bioprinting. Biofabrication. 2021;14(1):015009. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac3aca
  18. Choi YJ, Kim TG, Jeong J, et al., 2016, 3D cell printing of functional skeletal muscle constructs using skeletal muscle-derived bioink. Adv Healthc Mater. 2016;5(20): 2636-2645. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201600483
  19. Ma X, Wang M, Ran Y, et al. Design and fabrication of polymeric hydrogel carrier for nerve repair. Polymers. 2022;14(8):1549. doi: 10.3390/polym14081549
  20. Lozano R, Stevens L, Thompson BC, et al. 3D printing of layered brain-like structures using peptide modified gellan gum substrates. Biomaterials. 2015;67:264-273. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.07.022
  21. Yu X, Zhang T, Li Y. 3D printing and bioprinting nerve conduits for neural tissue engineering. Polymers. 2020;12(8):1637. doi: 10.3390/polym12081637
  22. Balasubramanian S, Yu K, Meyer AS, Karana E, Aubin- Tam M-E. Bioprinting of regenerative photosynthetic living materials. Adv Func Mater. 2021;31(31):2011162. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202011162
  23. Zhang Y, Hsu H-H, Wheeler JJ, Tanga S, Jiang X. Emerging investigator series: emerging biotechnologies in wastewater treatment: from biomolecular engineering to multiscale integration. Environ Sci: Water Res Technol. 2020;6(8): 1967-1985. doi: 10.1039/D0EW00393J
  24. Hsu L, Jiang X. ‘Living’ inks for 3D bioprinting. Trends Biotechnol. 2019;37(8):795-796. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.04.014
  25. Liu J, Chen Y, Jiang S, et al. Rapid removal of Cr (III) from high-salinity wastewater by cellulose-g-poly-(acrylamide-co-sulfonic acid) polymeric bio-adsorbent. Carbohydr Polym. 2021;270:118356. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118356
  26. Gao X, Guo C, Hao J, Zhao Z, Long H, Li M. Adsorption of heavy metal ions by sodium alginate based adsorbent-a review and new perspectives. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020;164:4423-4434. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.046
  27. Yusoff NHM, Teo L-RI, Phang SJ, Wong V-L, Cheah KH, Lim S-S. Recent advances in polymer-based 3D printing for wastewater treatment application: an overview. Chem Eng J. 2022;429:132311. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.132311
  28. Qian F, Zhu C, Knipe JM, et al. Direct writing of tunable living inks for bioprocess intensification. Nano Lett. 2019;19(9):5829-5835. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00066
  29. Seidel J, Ahlfeld T, Adolph M, et al. Green bioprinting: extrusion-based fabrication of plant cell-laden biopolymer hydrogel scaffolds. Biofabrication. 2017;9(4): 045011. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa8854
  30. Schaffner M, Rühs PA, Coulter F, Kilcher S, Studart AR. 3D printing of bacteria into functional complex materials. Sci Adv. 2017;3(12):eaao6804. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aao6804
  31. Liu J, Shen X, Zheng Z, et al. Immobilization of laccase by 3D bioprinting and its application in the biodegradation of phenolic compounds. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020;164: 518-525. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.144
  32. Deng P, Sheng W, Xu A, et al. Bottom-up construction of electrochemically active living filters: from graphene oxide mediated formation of bacterial cables to 3D assembly of hierarchical architectures. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020;3(11):7376-7381. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01172
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Share
Back to top
International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing
We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience.
Read more about our cookies here
Accept