AccScience Publishing / GPD / Volume 1 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.36922/gpd.v1i2.138
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Differential expression profiles of circRNAs in cancers: Future clinical and diagnostic perspectives

Faiz Ali Khan1,2,3 Bernard Nsengimana1 Nazeer Hussain Khan2,4 Jingjing Huang1 Haojie Guo1 Usman Ayub Awan5 Weijuan Zhang1 Wenqiang Wei1 Shaoping Ji1*
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1 Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
2 School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
3 Department of Basic Sciences Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH&RC), Lahore, Pakistan
4 Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
5 Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Submitted: 18 June 2022 | Accepted: 27 September 2022 | Published: 20 October 2022
© 2022 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Abstract

Since decades ago, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been known for their critical role in RNA maturation, RNA transportation, epigenetic regulation, gene transcription, peptide/protein translation, and interaction with proteins to modulate their activities. At present, circRNAs are being extensively studied as oncotargets in the onset and development of several malignancies and treatment resistance by modulating various signaling pathways and cellular processes such as ubiquitination, degradation, invasion, proliferation, c-Myc oncoprotein stabilization, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, autophagy, and apoptosis. In addition, circRNAs are known to be highly conserved, have a longer life span than other RNAs, and their differential expressions are implicated in solid tumors and hematological malignancies. However, their potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets are not fully elucidated. Therefore, we sought to underline the opportunities and constraints associated with using these oncotargets in cancer therapy by outlining the functional mechanisms of circRNAs and their ectopic expression in distinct malignancies. The clinical applications of circRNAs in developing progressive markers like liquid biopsy biomarkers and for treating cancers are also prospected in this paper.

Keywords
CircRNAs
Upregulation
Down-regulation
Anticancer drugs resistance
Liquid biopsy biomarkers
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China
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All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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Gene & Protein in Disease, Electronic ISSN: 2811-003X Published by AccScience Publishing