AccScience Publishing / EJMO / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/EJMO026100117
Submit to EJMO
Cite this article
8
Download
56
Views
Journal Browser
Volume | Year
Issue
Search
Forthcoming Issue
Current Issue
View All
News and Announcements
View All
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Bibliometric and visualization analysis of nanotechnology in bladder cancer (2011-2025)

Kaikui Wu1 ,  Jiajun Xu2,3 ,  Minglin Ou1,2,3*
Show Less
1 Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
2 Laboratory Center, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Reprogramming and Intelligent Medical Engineering for Chronic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
3 Laboratory Center, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
EJMO, 026100117 https://doi.org/10.36922/EJMO026100117
Received: 6 March 2026 | Revised: 6 April 2026 | Accepted: 15 April 2026 | Published online: 22 May 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Download PDF
XML
Cite
Abstract

Introduction: Nanotechnology has demonstrated considerable potential in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer and has emerged as a major research focus in this field. However, there is currently a lack of systematic bibliometric analysis examining the developmental trends and knowledge structure of this interdisciplinary area.

Objective: This study aims to systematically review the literature on nanotechnology in bladder cancer research over the past 15 years, comprehensively reveal the current research status, development trajectory, and knowledge structure of this interdisciplinary field, and identify current research hotspots and frontier directions.

Methods: This study, based on the Web of Science Core Collection database, retrieved and analyzed 1,420 research articles on nanotechnology and bladder cancer published between 2011 and 2025. Bibliometric tools, including VOSviewer and CiteSpace, were utilized to conduct visual and quantitative analyses of publication trends, contributions by countries/regions and institutions, core authors, journal distributions, and keyword co-occurrence and evolution.

Results: Between 2011 and 2025, the annual publication output showed a consistent overall growth trend. China led in terms of total publication volume, international collaboration, and influence. The most influential research institution was the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The journal with the most publications was the International Journal of Nanomedicine. The most influential author was Wu Song. Comprehensive analysis indicates that research hotspots primarily focus on the development of novel nanomaterials and technologies, the construction of targeted drug delivery systems, nanotechnology-based therapeutic strategies for bladder cancer, and advances in diagnosis and imaging. In summary, the research frontier is rapidly advancing toward mechanistic depth, intelligent design, and clinical relevance.

Conclusion: This study provides the first comprehensive bibliometric and visual analysis of the interdisciplinary field of nanotechnology applied to bladder cancer, systematically revealing its development history, knowledge structure, and evolutionary dynamics. The findings offer valuable insights into current research priorities, emerging directions, and planning future research trajectories.

Keywords
Bladder cancer
Nanotechnology
Bibliometric analysis
Visual analysis
Nano-drug delivery
Therapeutic strategies
Funding
This work was supported by the Guilin Science and Technology Program (No. 20220139-8-4)
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
References
  1. Winnicka A, Brzeszczyńska J, Saluk J, Wigner-Jeziorska P. Nanomedicine in Bladder Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(19):10388. doi: 10.3390/ijms251910388
  2. Zhang X, Wu X, Du J, Mei J, Chen F, Lou K. Gold Nanoparticles in Bladder Cancer Applications: A Paradigm Shift from Diagnostic Tools to Integrated Theranostic Platforms. Int J Nanomed. 2026;21:1–14. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S575926
  3. Lenis AT, Lec PM, Chamie K. Bladder Cancer. JAMA. 2020;324(19):2006. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.17601
  4. Zhang P, Wu G, Zhang D, Lai WF. Mechanisms and strategies to enhance penetration during intravesical drug therapy for bladder cancer. J Control Release. 2023;354:69–79. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.001
  5. Li X, Xie J, Song SJ, Ahlquist CSE, Kim H. Sialic Acid Binding Liposome Nanoparticles for Targeted Bladder Cancer Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2026;12(2):971-985. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5c01546
  6. Barocas DA, Clark PE. Bladder cancer. Curr Opin Oncol. 2008;20(3):307–314. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0b013e3282f8b03e
  7. Wang, T., Li, S.Z., He, L., Shen, B. and Li, W. (2025) Nanotechnology for Diagnostic and Treatment of Bladder Cancer. J Biosci Med. 2025;395–414. doi: 10.4236/jbm.2025.134032
  8. Isaac KM, Sabaraya IV, Ghousifam N, et al. Functionalization of single-walled carbon nanohorns for simultaneous fluorescence imaging and cisplatin delivery in vitro. Carbon. 2018;138:309–318. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.06.020
  9. Zhao CY, Cheng R, Yang Z, Tian ZM. Nanotechnology for Cancer Therapy Based on Chemotherapy. Molecules. 2018;23(4):826. doi: 10.3390/molecules23040826
  10. Taneja N, Alam A, Patnaik RS, Taneja T, Gupta S, K SM. Understanding Nanotechnology in the Treatment of Oral Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 2021;38(6):1–48. doi: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2021036437
  11. Lin T, Zhao X, Zhao S, et al. O2-generating MnO2 nanoparticles for enhanced photodynamic therapy of bladder cancer by ameliorating hypoxia. Theranostics. 2018;8(4):990–1004. doi: 10.7150/thno.22465
  12. An HW, Li LL, Wang Y, et al. A tumour-selective cascade activatable self-detained system for drug delivery and cancer imaging. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):4861. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12848-5
  13. Yang F, Li S, Jiao M, et al. Advances of Light/Ultrasound/ Magnetic-Responsive Nanoprobes for Visualized Theranostics of Urinary Tumors. ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2022;5(2):438–450. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01284
  14. Jin C, Wang K, Oppong-Gyebi A, Hu J. Application of Nanotechnology in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy-A Mini- Review. Int J Med Sci. 2020;17(18):2964–2973. doi: 10.7150/ijms.49801
  15. Frantellizzi V, Conte M, Pontico M, Pani A, Pani R, De Vincentis G. New Frontiers in Molecular Imaging with Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs): Efficacy, Toxicity, and Future Applications. Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2020;54(2):65–80. doi: 10.1007/s13139-020-00635-w
  16. Ding C, Wu K, Wang W, et al. Synthesis of a cell penetrating peptide modified superparamagnetic iron oxide and MRI detection of bladder cancer. Oncotarget. 2017;8(3):4718–4729. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13578
  17. Eissa S, Shawky SM, Matboli M, Mohamed S, Azzazy HM. Direct detection of unamplified hepatoma upregulated protein RNA in urine using gold nanoparticles for bladder cancer diagnosis. Clin Biochem. 2014;47(1-2):104–110. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.10.022
  18. Zhang Y, Zhang S, Zhang Z, et al. Recent Progress on NIR-II Photothermal Therapy. Front Chem. 2021;9:728066. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2021.728066
  19. Sang R, Stratton B, Engel A, Deng W. Liposome technologies towards colorectal cancer therapeutics. Acta Biomater. 2021;127:24-40. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.055
  20. Zahednezhad F, Saadat M, Valizadeh H, Zakeri-Milani P, Baradaran B. Liposome and immune system interplay: Challenges and potentials. J Control Release. 2019;305:194-209. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.05.030
  21. Naief MF, Mohammed SN, Mohammed AM. Carbon Nanotubes: A Review on Synthesis and Drug Delivery for Cancer Treatment. Inorg Chem Commun. 2024;159:111694. doi: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.111694
  22. Wong BS, Yoong SL, Jagusiak A, et al. Carbon nanotubes for delivery of small molecule drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2013;65(15):1964-2015. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.08.005
  23. Loloi J, Babar M, Davies KP, Suadicani SO. Nanotechnology as a tool to advance research and treatment of non-oncologic urogenital diseases. Ther Adv Urol. 2022;14:17562872221109023. doi: 10.1177/17562872221109023
  24. Smith DR. Bibliometrics, dermatology and contact dermatitis. Contact Dermat. 2008;59(3):133–136. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2008.01405.x
  25. Ma C, Su H, Li H. Global research trends on prostate diseases and erectile dysfunction: A bibliometric and visualized study. Front Oncol. 2020;10:627891. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.627891
  26. Wei N, Xu Y, Li Y, et al. A bibliometric analysis of T cell and atherosclerosis. Front Immunol. 2022;13:948314.
  27. Chen C. Searching for intellectual turning points: Progressive knowledge domain visualization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004;101(Suppl 1):5303–5310. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307513100
  28. van Eck NJ, Waltman L. Software survey: Vosviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics. 2010;84(2):523–538. doi: 10.1007/s11192-009-0146-3
  29. Zeng X, Shu B, Zeng Q, Wang X, Li K, Wu J, Luo J. A bibliometric and visualization analysis of global research status and frontiers on autophagy in cardiomyopathies from 2004 to 2023. Int J Surg. 2024;110(12):7687–7700. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000001876
  30. White HD, McCain KW. Visualizing a discipline: an author co-citation analysis of information science, 1972–1995. J Am Soc Inf Sci. 1998;49:327–55.
  31. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209–249. doi: 10.3322/caac.21660
  32. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68:394–424. doi: 10.3322/caac.21492
  33. Antoni S, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Znaor A, Jemal A, Bray F. Bladder cancer incidence and mortality: a global overview and recent trends. Eur Urol. 2017;71(1):96–108.
  34. Babjuk M, Burger M, Capoun O, et al. European Association of Urology guidelines on non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (Ta, T1, and carcinoma in situ). Eur Urol. 2022;81(1):75–94. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2021.08.010
  35. Babjuk M, Böhle A, Burger M, et al. EAU guidelines on non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: update 2016. Eur Urol. 2017;71(3):447–461. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.05.041
  36. Witjes JA, Bruins HM, Cathomas R, et al. European Association of Urology guidelines on muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer: summary of the 2020 guidelines. Eur Urol. 2021;79(1):82–104. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.055
  37. Li G, Wang S, Deng D, et al. Fluorinated chitosan to enhance transmucosal delivery of sonosensitizer-conjugated catalase for sonodynamic bladder cancer treatment post-intravesical instillation. ACS Nano. 2020;14(2):1586–1599. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06689
  38. Guo H, Li F, Xu W, et al. Mucoadhesive cationic polypeptide nanogel with enhanced penetration for efficient intravesical chemotherapy of bladder cancer. Adv Sci. 2018;5(6):1800004. doi: 10.1002/advs.201800004
  39. Rieger C, Kunhardt D, Kaufmann A, et al. Characterization of different carbon nanotubes for the development of a mucoadhesive drug delivery system for intravesical treatment of bladder cancer. Int J Pharm. 2015;479(2):357– 363. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.01.017
  40. Janicki JJ, Gruber MA, Chancellor MB. Intravesical liposome drug delivery and IC/BPS. Transl Androl Urol. 2015;4(5):572–578. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4683.2015.08.03
  41. GuhaSarkar S, Banerjee R. Intravesical drug delivery: challenges, current status, opportunities and novel strategies. J Control. Release. 2010;148(2):147–159. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.08.031
  42. Tomlinson B, Lin TY, Dall’Era M, Pan CX. Nanotechnology in bladder cancer: current state of development and clinical practice. Nanomedicine. 2015;10(7):1189–1201. doi: 10.2217/nnm.14.212
  43. Hu K, Cui Y, Li N, Li P, Wang X, Chu J. Recent advances in nanotechnology-based diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer: an updated review. Int J Smart Nano Mater. 2025;16(2):309–342. doi: 10.1080/19475411.2025.2493656
  44. Jain P, Kathuria H, Momin M. Clinical therapies and nano drug delivery systems for urinary bladder cancer. Pharm. Ther. 2021;226:107871. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107871
  45. Venturini J, Chakraborty A, Baysal MA, Tsimberidou AM. Developments in nanotechnology approaches for the treatment of solid tumors. Exp Hematol Oncol. 2025;14(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s40164-025-00656-1
  46. Barani M, Hosseinikhah SM, Rahdar A, et al. Nanotechnology in Bladder Cancer: Diagnosis and Treatment. Cancers. 2021;13(9):2214. doi: 10.3390/cancers13092214
  47. Oliveira TR, Stauffer PR, Lee CT, et al. Magnetic fluid hyperthermia for bladder cancer: a preclinical dosimetry study. Int J Hyperthermia. 2013;29(8):835–844. doi: 10.3109/02656736.2013.834384
  48. Qi F, Bao Q, Hu P, et al. Mild magnetic hyperthermia-activated immuno-responses for primary bladder cancer therapy. Biomaterials. 2024;307:122514. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122514
  49. Daei S, Ziamajidi N, Abbasalipourkabir R, Aminzadeh Z, Vahabirad M. Silver nanoparticles exert apoptotic activity in bladder cancer 5637 cells through alteration of Bax/Bcl-2 genes expression. Chonnam Med J. 2022;58(3):102–109.
  50. Jiang J, Oberdörster G, Biswas P. Characterization of size, surface charge, and agglomeration state of nanoparticle dispersions for toxicological studies. J Nanopart Res. 2009;11(1):77–89. doi: 10.1007/s11051-008-9446-4
  51. Awasthi R, Pant I, Kulkarni G, et al. Opportunities and challenges in nano-structure mediated drug delivery: Where do we stand? Curr Nanomed. 2016;6(2):78–104. doi: 10.2174/2468187306666160808160330
  52. Miao Y, Yang T, Yang S, Yang M, Mao C. Protein nanoparticles directed cancer imaging and therapy. Nano Converg. 2022;9(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s40580-021-00293-4
  53. Kolawole OM, Lau WM, Mostafid H, Khutoryanskiy VV. Advances in intravesical drug delivery systems to treat bladder cancer. Int J Pharm. 2017;532(1):105–117. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.120
  54. Villa Nova M, Bruschi ML. A review of recent developments on micro/nanostructured pharmaceutical systems for intravesical therapy of the bladder cancer. Pharm Dev Technol. 2017;23(1):1–12. doi: 10.1080/10837450.2017.1312441
  55. Lu Y, Wang S, Wang Y, Li M, Liu Y and Xue D Current Researches on Nanodrug Delivery Systems in Bladder Cancer Intravesical Chemotherapy. Front. Oncol. 2022;12:879828. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.879828
  56. Li ZA, Wen KC, Liu JH, Zhang C, Zhang F, Li FQ. Strategies for intravesical drug delivery: From bladder physiological barriers and potential transport mechanisms. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024;14(11):4738–4755. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.07.003
  57. Zhang H, Zhang Y, Zhang C, et al. Recent Advances of Cell- Penetrating Peptides and Their Application as Vectors for Delivery of Peptide and Protein-Based Cargo Molecules. Pharmaceutics. 2023;15(8):2093. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082093
  58. Escobedo HD, Zawadzki N, Till JKA, et al. Nanogels conjugated with cell-penetrating peptide as drug delivery vehicle for treating urinary tract infections. Nanomedicine. 2025;65:102812. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2025.102812
  59. Marchenko I,Trushina D. Local Drug Delivery in Bladder Cancer: Advances of Nano/Micro/Macro-Scale Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics. 2023,15(12),2724. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122724
  60. Yoon HY, Yang HM, Kim CH, et al. Current status of the development of intravesical drug delivery systems for the treatment of bladder cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2020;17(11):1555–1572. doi: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1810016
  61. Sarfraz M, Qamar S, Rehman MU, et al. Nano-Formulation Based Intravesical Drug Delivery Systems: An Overview of Versatile Approaches to Improve Urinary Bladder Diseases. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(9):1909. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091909.
  62. Goutas D, Tzortzis A, Gakiopoulou H, Vlachodimitropoulos D, Giannopoulou I, Lazaris AC. Contemporary Molecular Classification of Urinary Bladder Cancer. Vivo. 2021;35(1):75–80. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12234
  63. Chen X, Huang M, Chen Z, et al. Intravesical Disitamab Vedotin (RC48) for HER2-Expressing High-Risk Non- Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Single-Arm, Dose- Escalation Phase I Trial Study. MedComm. 2025;6(7):e70288. doi: 10.1002/mco2.70288
  64. St-Laurent MP, Nikkola J, Tomiyama E, Black PC. Advances in the management of localized bladder cancers. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2026;23(3):158–179. doi: 10.1038/s41571-025-01104-z
  65. Rajchal B, Thapa YN, Paudel S, Adhikari R. Recent advances in nanotechnology for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In: Gautam V, Kumar R, Das Manandhar K, Kamble SC, ED. Nanomedicine. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Cham: Springer; 2024. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-72467-1
  66. Sweeney SK, Luo Y, O’Donnell MA, Assouline J. Nanotechnology and cancer: improving real-time monitoring and staging of bladder cancer with multimodal mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Cancer Nanotechnol. 2016;7(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s12645-016-0015-8
  67. Li D, Wu W, Liu H, Lou K. SPIONs as theranostic agents in bladder and prostate cancer: integrating diagnosis and therapy. Front Nanotechnol. 2025;7:1660979. doi: 10.3389/fnano.2025.1660979
  68. Boschi F, Malatesta M. Nanoparticle-Based Techniques for Bladder Cancer Imaging: A Review. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(4):3812. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043812
  69. Zhang S, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Liang Y, Du Y, Wang G. Identification of Prognostic Biomarkers for Bladder Cancer Based on DNA Methylation Profile. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022;9:817086. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.817086
  70. Xu J, Wei L, Liu H, Lei Y, Zhu Y, Liang C, Sun G. CD274 (PD-L1) Methylation is an Independent Predictor for Bladder Cancer Patients’ Survival. Cancer Invest. 2022;40(3):228– 233. doi: 10.1080/07357907.2022.2028805.
  71. Fiorentino V, Pizzimenti C, Franchina M, et al. Bladder Epicheck Test: A Novel Tool to Support Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnosis in Urine Samples. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(15):12489. doi: 10.3390/ijms241512489
  72. Goh AC, Lerner SP. Application of new technology in bladder cancer diagnosis and treatment. World J Urol. 2009;27(3):301–307. doi: 10.1007/s00345-009-0387-z
  73. Hassan AA, El-Sheshtawey FA, Seliem SA, El Salam MAA. Using of Telomerase Enzyme in Urine as a Non invasive Marker for Cancer Bladder Detection. Egypt J Hosp Med. 2008;33(1): 531–537.
  74. Droller MJ, Kavaler E, Landman J, Liu BC. Urinary telomerase and its possible role as a marker for bladder cancer. Keio J Med. 1998;47(3):135–141. doi: 10.2302/kjm.47.135
  75. Yuan R, Rao T, Cheng F, et al. Quantum dot-based fluorescent probes for targeted imaging of the EJ human bladder urothelial cancer cell line. Exp Med. 2018;16(6):4779–4783. doi: 10.3892/etm.2018.6805
  76. Bevilacqua G, Corvino R, Capriotti AL, et al. The Protein Corona on Nanoparticles for Tumor Targeting in Prostate Cancer—A Review of the Literature and Experimental Trial Protocol. Biology. 2024;13(12):1024. doi: 10.3390/biology13121024
  77. Taldaev A, Terekhov R, Nikitin I, et al. Methylene blue in anticancer photodynamic therapy: systematic review of preclinical studies. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14:1264961. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1264961
  78. Mufti GR, Shah PJ, Parkinson MC, Riddle PR. Diagnosis of clinically occult bladder cancer by in vivo staining with methylene blue. Br J Urol. 1990;65(2):173–175. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1990.tb14693.x
  79. Yu J, Hsu CH, Huang CC, Chang PY. Development of therapeutic Au-methylene blue nanoparticles for targeted photodynamic therapy of cervical cancer cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2015;7(1):432–441. doi: 10.1021/am5064298
  80. Hamad J, McCloskey H, Milowsky MI, Royce T, Smith A. Bladder preservation in muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A comprehensive review. Int Braz J Urol. 2020;46(2):169–184. doi: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.99.01
  81. Aldousari S, Kassouf W. Update on the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Can Urol Assoc J. 2010;4(1):56–64. doi: 10.5489/cuaj.777
  82. Keane KG, Redfern A, Lim J, Hayne D. The role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the management of NMIBC: a scoping review of current status and future direction. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2026;26(3):307–320. doi: 10.1080/14737140.2025.2587295
  83. Park K. Facing the truth about nanotechnology in drug delivery. ACS Nano. 2013;7(9):7442–7447. doi: 10.1021/nn404501g
  84. Xiang J, Luo Y, Zhang B, Ke K, Li H. Molecular mechanisms and translational advances in bladder cancer: from driver genes to precision therapy. Front Oncol. 2025;15:1670574. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1670574
  85. Attanasio G, Failla M, Poidomani S, et al. Histological and immunohistochemical approaches to molecular subtyping in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Front Oncol. 2025:1546160. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1546160
  86. Shi ZD, Han XX, Song ZJ, et al. Integrative multi-omics analysis depicts the methylome and hydroxymethylome in recurrent bladder cancers and identifies biomarkers for predicting PD-L1 expression. Biomark Res. 2023;11(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s40364-023-00488-3

87. Bošković M, Roje B, Chung FF, et al. DNA methylome changes of muscle- and neuronal-related processes precede bladder cancer invasiveness. Cancers. 2022;14(3):487. doi: 10.3390/cancers14030487

Share
Back to top
Eurasian Journal of Medicine and Oncology, Electronic ISSN: 2587-196X Print ISSN: 2587-2400, Published by AccScience Publishing
We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience.
Read more about our cookies here
Accept