AccScience Publishing / AJWEP / Volume 22 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.36922/AJWEP025060035
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REVIEW ARTICLE

Traditional knowledge in soil management and water conservation: Perspectives from the agrodiverse state of Uttar Pradesh, India

Himanshu Sahu1,2,3 ,  Pooja Purohit1,2 ,  Arun Pratap Mishra4* ,  Amit Kumar5 ,  Purnendu Sardar6 ,  Bojan Đurin7 ,  Upaka Rathnayake8*
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1 Department of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
2 Research and Development, Bhomya Foundation, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
3 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
4 Department of Forestry and Remote Sensing, Earthtree Enviro Private Limited, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
5 Department of Habitat Ecology, Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
6 Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science (INES), Centre for Advanced Middle Eastern Studies, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
7 Department of Civil Engineering, University North, Varazdin, Croatia
8 Department of Civil Engineering and Construction, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Atlantic Technological University Sligo, Sligo, Ireland
AJWEP 2025, 22(2), 1–18; https://doi.org/10.36922/AJWEP025060035
Received: 4 February 2025 | Revised: 26 March 2025 | Accepted: 27 March 2025 | Published online: 21 April 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Soil management is a crucial aspect of sustainable agriculture, and traditional knowledge has played a pivotal role in shaping practices that maintain soil health over time. This study examines the significance of traditional soil management techniques used in Uttar Pradesh, India, and assesses their effectiveness in addressing modern agricultural challenges. The primary objective of this analysis is to investigate how indigenous practices, such as crop rotation, intercropping, organic manure application, and traditional water conservation techniques, contribute to soil fertility and sustainability. By examining these traditional methods, the study aims to assess their potential for integration with contemporary agricultural practices to enhance overall soil health and agricultural productivity. A comprehensive analysis of existing literature was conducted to synthesize findings from various studies on traditional soil management practices in Uttar Pradesh. The analysis highlights the mechanisms by which these practices affect soil properties and fertility and identifies the strengths and limitations associated with their use. The findings reveal that traditional methods offer significant benefits, including enhanced soil structure, improved nutrient availability, and increased moisture retention. However, challenges such as limited adoption of modern technologies and varying regional practices are also noted. The integration of traditional knowledge with modern techniques is evaluated as a means to address these challenges and optimize soil management strategies. This analysis bridges the gap between traditional knowledge and contemporary agricultural practices, providing valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners. The study underscores the importance of integrating traditional soil management practices with modern approaches to foster sustainable agriculture in Uttar Pradesh and similar regions.

Keywords
Crop rotation
Indigenous practices
Organic manuring
Soil fertility
Soil management
Sustainable agriculture
Traditional knowledge
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
Upaka Rathnayake is an Editorial Board Member of this journal but was not in any way involved in the editorial and peer-review process conducted for this paper, directly or indirectly. Separately, other authors declared that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.
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Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, Electronic ISSN: 1875-8568 Print ISSN: 0972-9860, Published by AccScience Publishing
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