Private fifth-generation (5G) adoption is accelerating across supply chain operations. This study examines how private 5G network projects are configured as supply chain digital infrastructures and whether program maturity corresponds to a transition from isolated site automation toward wider orchestration. The full census of 33 projects in Taiwan’s Private 5G Network Innovative Application Diffusion Program was coded on theory-derived dimensions of sensing, response, coordination, cross-site scope, continuity, and inter-organizational scope. Descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact tests, a Mann–Whitney U test, and a parsimonious logistic sensitivity model were employed because the portfolio is small and several contingency-table cells are sparse. The portfolio demonstrates a strong emphasis on site-level execution: 25 projects incorporate response affordances, 23 incorporate sensing affordances, 12 include coordination mechanisms, and only 5 explicitly extend across multiple sites. No project title explicitly indicates supplier/customer coordination or continuity and recovery. The higher maturity classification is associated with cross-site scope (odds ratio = 24.0; Fisher’s exact p = 0.008), whereas capability breadth does not differ by tier. The sensitivity model yields the same substantive pattern after controlling for internal-operation orientation, although uncertainty remains large. The data capture public project designs rather than realized operational outcomes; accordingly, the findings concern portfolio architecture, not causal performance effects. Managers and policy designers should complement private 5G with interoperable data, cross-site workflows, partner interfaces, security governance, and continuity routines. The study introduces a site-to-network transition model and identifies spatial orchestration, rather than a larger bundle of technology labels, as the observable feature distinguishing more mature projects.