AccScience Publishing / IJB / Volume 10 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.36922/ijb.1465
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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Development of 3D-bioprinted artificial blood vessels loaded with rapamycin-nanoparticles for ischemic repair

Jaewoo Choi1,2† ,  Eun Ji Lee1,2† ,  Hye Ji Lim1,2 ,  Dong Myoung Lee1,2 ,  Deokhyeon Yoon1,2 ,  Gi Hoon Yang3 ,  Eunjeong Choi3 ,  Hojun Jeon3 ,  Kyeong Hyeon Lee4 ,  Yong-Il Shin4,5 ,  Sang-Cheol Han6 ,  Woong Bi Jang1,2* ,  Sang-Mo Kwon1,2*
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1 Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
2 Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
3 Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc., 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, South Korea
4 Science of Convergence, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
5 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
6 CEN Co., Ltd. Nano-Convergence Center, 761 Muan-ro, Miryang 50404, Republic of Korea
IJB 2024, 10(2), 1465 https://doi.org/10.36922/ijb.1465
Submitted: 5 August 2023 | Accepted: 3 October 2023 | Published: 15 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D printing of bioinspired materials)
© 2024 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Vascular diseases, including ischemic conditions and restenosis, pose significant challenges in clinical practice. Restenosis, the re-narrowing of blood vessels after interventions such as stent placement, remains a major concern despite advances in medical interventions. Addressing these challenges requires innovative approaches that promote vascular regeneration and prevent restenosis. By leveraging the capabilities of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, artificial blood vessels with lumen can be precisely constructed in customizable sizes, closely mimicking the natural vascular architecture. This approach allows for the incorporation of therapeutic agents and cells to enhance the functionality of the fabricated vessels. In the present study, we investigated the fabrication and characterization of artificial blood vessels using 3D printing technology, with the focus on achieving precise control over the vessel dimensions and architecture to ensure optimal functionality. The use of 3D printing enabled the creation of patient-specific blood vessels with tailored sizes and geometries, providing a personalized solution for vascular treatment. Furthermore, we explored the integration of nanoparticles loaded with therapeutic drugs within the 3D-printed blood vessels. Specifically, rapamycin, a potent drug for preventing restenosis, was encapsulated within the nanoparticles to enable controlled drug release. This approach aimed to address the challenge of restenosis by delivering the drug directly to the affected site and maintaining its therapeutic concentration over an extended period. Additionally, the study investigated the incorporation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which promote re-endothelialization essential for vascular regeneration and long-term vessel functionality, within the artificial blood vessels. The 3D-printed blood vessels provide an ideal environment for the integration and growth of these cells, further enhancing their regenerative potential. By combining 3D printing technology, drug-loaded nanoparticles, and EPCs, this study demonstrated the potential of this approach in fabricating functional artificial blood vessels.

Keywords
3D bioprinting
Tissue engineering
Nanoparticles
Artificial blood vessel
Restenosis
Endothelial progenitor cells
Funding
This research was supported by the Korean Fund for Regenerative Medicine (KFRM) granted by the Korean Government (the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Health & Welfare) (21A0101L1).
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Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing
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