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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Comparative serum proteomic profiling of cardiovascular death versus coronary atherosclerosis

Nadezhda G. Gumanova1* ,  Artem S. Shanoyan2 ,  Alexander A. Mols1 ,  Anna R. Levshina2 ,  Maria A. Khadorich2 ,  Elena S. Luboyatnikova2 ,  Natalya L. Bogdanova1 ,  Anton R. Kiselev1
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1 Department of Biochemistry and Proteomics, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
2 Department of Cardiovascular X-Ray Surgery, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
EJMO, 026160179 https://doi.org/10.36922/EJMO026160179
Received: 16 April 2026 | Revised: 15 July 2026 | Accepted: 20 July 2026 | Published online: 28 July 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Introduction: The proteomic differences distinguishing active vascular inflammation (severe atherosclerosis) from terminal systemic collapse (cardiovascular death [CVD]) remain undefined.

Objective: We aimed to identify protein profiles associated with key functional differences between severe atherosclerosis and CVD.

Methods: Serum proteomic profiles were evaluated in four groups from two cohorts. In the general population, Cohort 1, CVD patients (Group 1, n = 10) were compared with healthy controls (Group 2, n = 10). In Cohort 2 (coronary heart disease patients), those with severe coronary stenosis (Group 3, n = 9) were compared with those without stenosis (Group 4, n = 9). Protein expression was analyzed using antibody microarrays targeting 656 proteins across 13 signaling pathways. Findings were validated by in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for adhesion-regulating molecule 1 (ADRM1) in independent Cohort 3 and total Cohort 1.

Results: Severe atherosclerosis (Group 3 versus Group 4) showed increased levels of inflammation-promoting cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-1α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha), T-cell mediators (CD53, lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase, granzyme B), apoptotic regulators, and matrix remodeling proteins (collagen II), indicating active inflammation. In contrast, CVD samples (Group 1 versus Group 2) exhibited lower levels of protective proteins, including vinculin, laminin B1, dysferlin, and calcium signaling mediators. Higher ADRM1 levels were observed in CVD samples, confirmed in Cohort 1 but not in atherosclerosis or nonfatal acute myocardial infarction in Cohort 3. The association between high ADRM1 and CVD was confirmed by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.

Conclusion: High ADRM1 may be considered an independent predictor of CVD during 6.5-year follow-up. Proteomic profiling suggests that CVD, but not an extension of atherosclerotic burden, may be associated with excessive proteasomal degradation via ADRM1.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
Proteomics
Atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular death
Adhesion-regulating molecule 1 protein
Apoptosis
Proteostasis
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
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Eurasian Journal of Medicine and Oncology, Electronic ISSN: 2587-196X Print ISSN: 2587-2400, Published by AccScience Publishing
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