Predictive Factors of Post-Void Residual Urine in Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Objectives: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is considered one of the most important health issues seen in older males, and is characterized by clinical lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). A high volume of residual urine can be seen in both organic obstructions as well as bladder dysfunctions. In this study, the primary objective was to evaluate clinical and lab results that can be used as predictive factors in significantly high residual urine volume/urinary retention.
Methods: A total of 491 patients over the age of 40 years who presented at the urology clinic with LUTS complaints from September 2015 to December 2016 were included in the study. Our routine evaluation protocol, which consists of patient history, physical examination, prostate-specific antigen test, urinalysis, uroflowmetry, and post-void residual volume assessment, was used to evaluate all the patients included in the study.
Results: In univariate analysis, body mass index, peak flow rate (Qmax), and prostate volume were found to be significant predictive factors of post void residual (PVR) urine (p=0.001, <0.0001, and <0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis also confirmed these as significant predictive factors of PVR (p=0.013, <0.0001, and 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Uroflowmetry is a very important tool in the assessment and follow-up of patients with LUTS. As a complementary action, PVR urine volume should also be measured. Residual urine can be significant in patients Qmax of less than 10.1 mL/second and with large prostate volume (>40 cc).
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